Onde outras plantaram sementes hoje nasceram flores: a trajetória de mulheres universitárias que vivenciaram violências

Abstract

Violence against women is gender violence, which means understanding that there are hierarchical relationships between men and women in society. Thus, the concept encompasses different forms of violence that women suffer. Violence affects women's lives in different ways, from physical, psychological and social health issues, causing damage to their relationships and well-being. In this sense, this research aims to understand how university women experienced situations of violence, which paths they took and the reverberations that violence produced throughout their lives. For this, a qualitative exploratory study was carried out, as it was intended to look at aspects of reality that cannot be quantified. In-depth interviews were carried out, and an open questionnaire was written, having as field delimitation the University Student House 2 (CEU II). The data produced were analyzed based on the analysis of dialectic-hermeneutics, with Minayo's operative proposal that takes into account aspects of the social context in which the participants are inserted and intends to draw conclusions about the complexity of the phenomenon in a given scenario. The results and discussions were subdivided into four articles. The first article presented the process of realizing the violence experienced, it was found that the participants took time, ranging from months to years, to realize that they were in a situation of violence. The difficulty regarding the perception of violence is social, such as the rape culture and the construction of female bodies, and also subjective and individual, as a way of internalizing this culture based on the feeling of guilt and responsibility. The second article sought to understand the trajectories undertaken by women who experienced violence. We were inspired by the concept of critical routes, in this sense it was found that although the participants present different paths, they also show similarities, such as seeking help with close people, showing the importance of bonds and relationships. The third article sought to understand the impact of violence on women's lives. It was possible to see that they go through traumatic situations that are re-actualized by discredit. In this scenario, trauma, in addition to being individual, becomes social. The fourth article aimed to raise some reflections on the production of a qualitative research on violence against women in the field of psychology and its ethical-political implications. Because we understand that research occupies other places besides the theoretical, it occupies a place of witness and validation of suffering. We point out that knowledge produced in an implied and sometimes subversive way to the current system is an ally to overcome the power structures of a capitalist order. Develop research on the phenomenon of violence helps to understand it and contributes to the foundation of public policies to combat violence.