Corrosão do aço no concreto armado induzida por carbonatação: principais técnicas de recuperação

Abstract

Corrosion in reinforced concrete structures is a worrying phenomenon for the Civil Engineering professional, since there is a great occurrence of the same in the buildings, and can compromise the function of the structure. Carbonation is one of the main phenomena that has a great influence on the durability of the structures because it is an agent that facilitates the corrosion process. Although its performance is slower compared to chloride ions, it represents a dangerous deterioration, because it reduces the alkalinity of the concrete, consequently the alteration of the chemical stability of the passive film of the armature. Thus, the present work consists in carrying out a bibliographical review about the phenomenon of corrosion caused by carbonation, as well as its manifestations and causes. From this review, the focus of the work is to identify the main techniques of recovery of the steel when the deteriorating agent is the carbonation of the concrete. From the study of the recovery techniques, which were the conventional repair, the realcalinization and the cathodic protection, it was possible to verify, when comparing the methods, the great efficiency of the cathodic protection in relation to the others, since it is the most valuable technique for the rehabilitation of concrete structures. In this way, it is evident the need to analyze the pathological manifestations of the structure, to indicate the best technique to recover the corrosion against carbonation in the reinforced concrete structure.