Resiliência dos trabalhadores da atenção primária à saúde (APS)

Abstract

It is essential to think about resilience to face unfavorable situations in the work environment, the human being's ability to transform, the possibility of giving new meanings to these experiences and how health workers will develop attributes that enable them to have resilient behavior. This study aimed to analyze resilience in Primary Health Care (PHC) workers. This is a cross-sectional study, with a convenience sample of health workers from the PHC of the 4th Regional Health Coordination (CRS) and from the city of Ijuí. Data were collected through the sociodemographic, occupational and health profile questionnaire and the Resilience Scale-ER online. The analysis was based on descriptive statistics, measures of position (mean, mode and median) and dispersion (standard deviation and interquartile range), Spearman correlation, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact test and Cronbach's Alpha. The results showed a profile composed of women (88.3%), with a partner (80%), children (71.1%) and a median age of 42.5 years. The most prevalent complete education was graduate (36.6%). There was a predominance of Community Health Agents (ACS) (31.7%), nurses (29.2%) and nursing technicians (13.3%), working in the FHS (69.2%), with greater participation in the city of Santa Maria (43.3%). Workers who do not have another employment relationship prevailed (84.2%), satisfied with their work (79.2%) and with no intention of leaving it (82.5%). Most did not practice physical exercise (57.5%) and 64 (53.3%) had time for leisure. The prevalence was 87 (72.5%) PHC health workers with a moderate/high level of resilience, that is, workers with the capacity to face a stressful work environment as an individual defense mechanism against the risks of suffering and illness. Furthermore, there was an association between the position of high school workers and resilience (p = 0.03). Furthermore, it is concluded that although the average is within a medium to high level, the RE values ranging from 84.0 to 167.0 points should be considered. In addition, 27% of workers had a low level of resilience, that is, a risk situation for illness. It is hoped that these results can be used as a subsidy for the maintenance and protection of the health of PHC workers, as they will be able to expand their understanding and adopt measures helping to better cope with adverse situations and increase their resilience.