Midiatização de ciência: a complexidade da abordagem de CT&I na cobertura telejornalística no Brasil e em Moçambique

Abstract

This dissertation is dedicated to the study of the phenomenon of the mediatization of science in telejournalism from the complexity in the television media. The research problem is dedicated to studying the complexity involved in approaching science, technology, and innovation (ST&I) issues in television journalistic coverage from the following problem: what levels of complexity involve the approach to science, technology, and innovation in television news coverage in Brazil and Mozambique? The general objective is to identify and understand the complexity of the mediatization of science in the television journalistic activity produced from two realities on open TV, geographically distant, but, at the same time, close in terms of cultural aspects. It proposes to understand the dynamics of the mediatization of science as a support in the approach to science on open television, based on similarities and differences, continuities, and discontinuities common to the communicative phenomena. The theoretical approach considers complexity as an organizing category of scientific knowledge, instituting the division and specialization of work, responding to the diversity of domains that the sciences cover using Morin (1996, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003 and 2006) and mediatization from authors such as Hjarvard (2000), Hepp (2000) and Verón (2000). Methodologically, the investigation started from the bibliographical research and the applications of content analysis by Bardin (2001), it combines the content analysis protocol of news related to science and technology broadcast by Massarani et al (2012), adapted with the addressing mode perspectives by Gomes, IM (2007). The empirical object consists of television news and news about television news coverage in Brazil and Mozambique on two events of international repercussion linked to scientific knowledge. They include, in Brazil, the fires in the Amazon, which occurred between July and August 2019, and, in Mozambique, the coverage of the impacts of Cyclone Idai, which devastated the central region of the country in March 2019. The cyclone occurred while we were doing our abroad doctorate research in Maputo. The results point to the confirmation of our thesis that the mediatization of science goes beyond the instrumental action that encompasses the practice of scientific journalism, especially when the level of complexity employed, exceeds the involvement of the characteristics of order, disorder, interaction and organization, being considered of fundamental importance to the communicative process and human development in society. The scenarios are organized and present a certain order regarding the fulfillment of the editorial lines adopted, but at the same time a high level of disorder when verifying the constitutive aspects of the elaboration of the news about science for television news. Both realities need attention and better use so that the mediatization of science achieves higher quality in the expected results.