Manejo da dor de pacientes em cuidados paliativos hospitalizados

Abstract

Introduction: With the high rate of chronic diseases, there is a requirement of a specific "clinical look" for these patients, looking at comprehensive care, involving patients and family members, given their prognosis and the consequent requirement of comfort measures to relieve their pain. In this context, palliative care is characterized as an alternative to minimize pain and suffering, whether physical or emotional. Objective: Analyze out the scientific literature, available online, published from 2015 to 2020, on pain management in patients who are in palliative care in hospital, by nursing. Methodology: For this study, the method of narrative review of the literature was used. The bibliographic survey was conducted in November 2020, which resulted in 8 articles. The following inclusion criteria were used: articles available in full, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, published between 2015 and 2020. The analysis was based on thematic content analysisa. Final Considerations: It was evidenced from this study that the majority of patients in palliative care present high levels of pain, which requires the role of nurses in the constant evaluation, involving the multidisciplinary team in the management and control of pain and comfort of this and their families. It was identified that health teams have manipulated the pain of patients in palliative care in an equivalent way when it comes to pharmacological methods, with the use of morphine in combination with other analgesics. It also emphasizes the importance of adopting non-pharmacological measures related to the management of distress, which requires the establishment of interpersonal and trust relationship between the team, patients and family members.