Análise comparativa das técnicas clássicas de MPPT

Abstract

Firstly, a study is done on the panorama of electric energy, in order to present the main benefits of using solar photovoltaic energy. Subsequently, the photovoltaic panels (PVs) are analyzed, through the equivalent mathematical and electrical model. As well as the effect of meteorological factors, which are: irradiation and temperature, on the electrical characteristics of performance and power of a PV. For the photovoltaic panels to operate at the point of maximum power, it is necessary to use techniques that constantly seek this point. For this reason, MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) techniques, applied in a CC-CC converter, are essential to obtain the maximum power produced, since these algorithms work at any point on the IxV curve. Therefore, a comparative analysis is carried out between the main classic techniques for tracking the maximum power point, namely: Disturb and Observe (P&O), Hill Climbing (HC) and Incremental Conductance (InC). These techniques will be tested for sudden variations in radiation and temperature. A performance analysis will be made using the static converters CC-CC: Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost. In which, the MPPT will be applied at the input and output of the converters, in order to observe which position obtains the best performance, for the different MPPTs. The main points to be analyzed will be: oscillation of power, efficiency and time of convergence for stabilization. The simulation results were obtained using the PSIM® simulation software.