Identificação e alocação dos fatores logísticos na cadeia de suprimentos da soja

Abstract

Soybean is a very important solid bulk for world trade, with 367 million tons produced in the 2019/20 harvest, with the largest producers being the following countries: Brazil, the United States of America and Argentina. These three producing countries together produce 80% of the total world production. However, even if there is a large soy production, there is no efficient grain flow infrastructure in Brazil, which results in a loss of competitiveness in the international soy market. Considering this scenario, the work aims to analyze the soy supply chain in order to identify the factors of transport and storage operations, in addition to understanding the functioning of the soy supply chain and the bottlenecks that affect the flow of products. grains. Through a literature review using the CAPES, Scopus and WOS platforms, thus being able to identify the main problems of these operations. After this review, the studies were analyzed and separated by groups in order to identify their areas of activity within the supply chain. With this, it was possible to identify the problems and factors that occur in grain logistics, so that they could be used in the elaboration of a questionnaire applied to specialists in the area. From the results of the questionnaire it was seen that the main problems of the soy supply chain are the lack of static capacity, high cost of transport and inefficiency in transshipment operations. The most used factors for understanding these problems are time, distance, cost of operations and static capacity. After obtaining these data, it was possible to allocate these factors to the supply chain links and understand their dependencies with each other. In addition, with the identification of problems and factors, it was possible to suggest solutions that could alleviate the actions of these problems in the performance of the soy supply chain to improve its competitiveness in the international market.