Investigação da atuação indevida na proteção de equipamentos presentes em subestações: um estudo de caso

Abstract

The present study aims to perform a careful analysis of faults that occur in electric power utilities, both in the transmission and distribution segments, seeking maximum reliability and excellence standards for the final consumers. Thus, the present work aims to study the undue action of the protection system, and to this end, a case study was carried out at the company "ENEL Distribuição São Paulo". This study aims to analyze the amount of faults that occurred in the protection of the concessionaire's area, based on data over a year. At the end, an interactive, user-friendly dashboard was created, with the purpose of being as intuitive as possible. To achieve this goal, a quantitative study was used from the company's internal records, allocating all this information on the "Smartsheet" and "Excel" platforms. This software aims to allocate information simultaneously, where any company employee can access the database. Thus, it was necessary to consolidate this data, and a dashboard was created on the "Power BI" platform, where it is possible to synchronize the charts with the Smartsheet and Excel databases, performing simultaneous updates, facilitating extractions and follow-ups by the company's management. As a result, the company's electric system protection occurrences were characterized. The largest number of these actions had the following characteristics: Type of Transformer Line Substation; without impact on DEC and FEC indicators; with cause and subcause due to malfunction/defect in equipment supply, protection and control of the substation; location with the highest number of occurrences the North SE; with weather conditions considered "Good"; equipment that acted more being the recloser switch; and the most affected equipment the transmission lines of the utility studied. Finally, it is suggested some improvement proposals related to the maintenance plan of transformers, transmission lines and circuit breakers. This study contributed to the application of the SEP protection concepts in a real company, collaborating with the learning of the present author, besides helping the company, making its maintenance plan more assertive, aiming to minimize undue actions in the SEP protection.