Estudo de carbonatação em concreto armado: causas, diagnósticos e proposta de soluções

Abstract

Concrete carbonation is one of the most frequent pathologies in reinforced concrete structures, it consists of the reaction that occurs when the carbon dioxide in the concrete present in the atmosphere penetrates the structure and reacts with the liquid which is found in the pores of the calcium hydroxide concrete due to cement hydration. It has a great influence on the service life of the structure. Because of this, it is very important to study this phenomenon, to find some solutions for it. This work has the objective to analyze, through a bibliographic review of technical literature, the causes of concrete carbonation, its effects on the performance of the structure and provide solutions to reduce its occurrence. Its causes are diverse, such as CO 2 concentration, relative air humidity, water/cement ratio, porosity, curing, granulometry of aggregates, etc. Since in reinforced concrete there is the presence of steel, its main consequence is the acceleration of the corrosion process of the reinforcement, it causes a reduction in the pH of the concrete, thus causing a depassivation of the reinforcement. The most efficient way to reduce the damage caused by carbonation is to carry out preventive maintenance in a certain period to evaluate the state of the structure and start the process of repair or recovery of the structure so that the situation does not get worse.