Produtividade da soja influenciada por fontes de cálcio e enxofre no sistema plantio direto

Abstract

Although calcium and sulfur are secondary nutrients, they play a critical role in plant growth and development. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of soil application of the commercial products Calsite and Force S, n on soybean. The trial was conducted at AGRUM Agrotecnologias Integradas Ltda, BR Santa Maria - RS, in sandy loam soil, from November 2020 to April 2021. A randomized block design was used, with six treatments and four replications. Totaling 24 plots, each plot contained an area of 7.0 x 4.0 m. The work consisted of the following treatments: T1 (Control), T2 (CP-Calsite profile, 500 kg ha-1), T3 (CP 1-Calsite profile, 1000 kg ha-1) and T4 (CL-Limestone 3100 kg ha-1), applied by broadcast, and treatments T5 (CM-Calsite maintenance-mixture with NPK, 100 kg ha-1) and T6 (FS-Force S maintenance-mixture with NPK, 120 kg ha-1), applied on the sowing line. The doses were recommended through the evaluation of soil analysis. To understand the effects of treatments on soybean, the following parameters were evaluated: leaf area index, plant height, number of nodes on the main stem at stage R5.1, total number of legumes at stage R8, thousand-grain mass and yield. The data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance in the SASM-Agri program and the means were compared by the Skott-knott test (5%). Treatment T6 (FS Force S Maintenance-120 kg ha-1) presented the highest average in the variables leaf area index, thousand-grain weight and productivity. Treatments T5 (CM Calsite Maintenance- 100 kg ha-1) and T2 (CP Calsite Perfil-500 kg ha-1) showed an increase in relation to the control in the variables thousand grain weight and productivity. These results demonstrate that calcium and sulfur are essential in obtaining productive increases in soybeans.