Fatores associados à sobrevida de pacientes com câncer de mama tratadas na oncologia do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria-RS

Abstract

Breast cancer leads the world's cause of death among women. It is the most prevalent malignancy in this sex in the world, including Brazil. According to the latest world statistics, 2.3 million new cases of cancer and 685,000 deaths from the disease were estimated. In view of this, breast cancer has been the subject of research around the world. The University Hospital of Santa Maria, because it is a reference institution in the care of the Unified Health System in the Southern region of Brazil and care so a significant number of cancer patients, needs studies that analyze the demand met and contribute to the development of actions for prevention or improvement of care and finally evidence its magnitude as a reference in the interior of the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The aim of this study was to analyze factors associated with five-year survival of breast cancer patients who underwent treatment in Oncology at the University Hospital of Santa Maria, through a historical cohort. Patients with a period of 5 years after diagnosis completed until 12/31/2019 were included, and thus, 827 medical records from 2010 to 2014 were analyzed. The outcome investigated was death due to breast cancer. The variables associated with death in the univariate analysis were tumor size, clinical staging, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), Ki67%, triple negative, presence and site of metastasis, presence of other diseases, surgery, type of surgery, axillary emptying, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant. In the multivariate model, the factors associated with higher survival were clinical staging in stages I and II and not being Triple negative. The survival obtained by the Kaplan-Meier estimate at five years was 82%. At the end of the study, 626 (75.7%) patients were alive, 201 (24.3%) died, and 184 (22.2%) caused death were breast cancer and 17 (2%) from other causes. Through these factors, it is evident the relevance of early detection, initiation of treatment and complete follow-up of treatment for better prognosis and survival. This work seeks to support the realization of new research in oncology as well as to motivate the use of data produced by the institution in the search for actions that contribute to the improvement of care.