Mulheres e Covid-19: a mobilização de experiências em uma narrativa jornalística feminista interseccional da pandemia no Brasil

Abstract

This research proposes a cultural study of journalism from the epistemological perspectives of Feminist Cultural Studies and Journalistic Narrative Studies. The contents of the Covid-19 Special, journalistic coverage carried out by the independent media organization Gênero e Número - in partnership with Revista Azmina, Énois and data_labe - are investigated, based on the collection of 49 reports, published during the first year of the pandemic, from March 2020 to March 2021. The objective is to understand how an intersectional feminist narrative is configured in a journalistic coverage of the Coronavirus pandemic in Brazil. The theoretical basis is based on Feminist Cultural Studies, indicating experience as an analytical category (GRAY, Ann, 1997; SCOTT, Joan, 1999; BACH, Ana María, 2014). We also incorporate contributions from the intersectional perspective, that is, we consider how race, class, territoriality and other social categories cross gender issues, building positioned experiences and offering new approaches to journalism studies. And we recover reflections on the narrative, launched by Paul Ricoeur (1994), articulated to journalism studies. In this context, the inspiration in movements of the Pragmatic Analysis of Journalistic Narrative (MOTTA, Luiz, 2013) stands out. From all these bases, we built a Feminist Analysis of Journalistic Narrative. This tells us that the Covid-19 Special presents the narrative of the pandemic based on five major themes: Inequalities/Vulnerabilities; Work, Health, Maternity and Violence against women. For this, it makes use of specific communication strategies, named as positionality and identification. In addition, the main problematic fields revealed by the narrative, whether recognized or resignified, show the country's social inequalities, and how women and their crossings of race, class, territoriality, sexuality, ethnicity are most affected by the health crisis and its consequences. social, cultural and economic. The feminist analysis of journalistic narrative allowed us to observe transformative practices based on situated knowledge linked to established and frequent journalistic principles in the field of journalism, which give Covid-19 - Coverage Especial a differentiated and innovative way of producing knowledge and qualified information and plural. Producing new narratives from silenced voices and experiences is a decisive step in the fight against gender inequalities and their crossings, as the symbolic sphere can produce a new social understanding with a horizon for equity, supported by the production of knowledge arising from the field of journalism, especially with regard to narratives about women.