Recuperação da sustentabilidade na Amazônia Legal: uma análise dos cursos de engenharias sob a ótica da inovação e sustentabilidade

Abstract

This dissertation has the general objective of developing a framework and guidelines for the training of engineers in the Legal Amazon from innovation and sustainability practices, integrating with the applicability of the objectives for sustainable development. For this work in the research process a mixed methods approach was adopted. For the qualitative stage, through a Systematic Literature Review - SLR on the subject of engineers, innovation and sustainability in the period from February 28, 2013, to February 28, 2023, in the Web of Science database. In the second phase, classified as quantitative, a survey instrument was developed based on the main evidence from the SRL and the literature, with the participation of 10 experts and the help of the Fuzzy Delphi method, both for validation. After this stage was concluded, the electronic instrument in Google forms was sent in the period from November 2022 to February 2023 to engineering students from public institutions in the legal eastern Amazon, who had 80% of the course completed and graduates. The main results of the research consist of the following evidence: from RSL, as for the authors Chen et al; Mihelcic et al and Fairbrother et al have their works among the most cited, the main countries are China, England and USA, prominent journals Sustainability (Switzerland), Sustainable production and consuption (Netherlands) and journal of cleaner production (UK), and as thematic areas, which helped in the development of the instrument were: education, innovation and sustainability; as for the validation and application of the fuzzy method, we obtained 38 validated variables, of these 15 of general aspects (innovation, sustainability and sustainable recovery), 6 of applicability in the university/course and 17 of the SDGs; as for the survey research we highlight: 58% are male and 42% female, with an average age of 24 years, 72% that have the 8th semester, 28% graduates. As for the practices, it stands out with higher average degree of agreement formation of partnerships and fostering creativity and innovation, the study of sustainability helps to understand the environmental, social and economic challenges and importance of training for sustainability and innovation, the interaction between university and local community and new research can contribute to the recovery of sustainability and the SDGs drinking water and sanitation along with decent work and economic growth. It is noted that an adaptation of academic curricula is necessary, seeking to focus on projects that promote participation and the creation of trends aimed at social problems and the current demands of society.