Sistema mecânico de armazenamento de energia elétrica (Fly Wheel)

Abstract

ln recent years, there has been a growing interest in finding efficient and sustainable solutions for electrical energy storage. Energy processing plays a crucial role in integrating interrnittent renewable sources such as solar and wind power into the energy mix. ln this case, there are different types of technologies that vary in weight, environmental impacts, costs, efficiency and service life. Mechanical batteries become attractive in this case both for their market price and for their high efficiency, reaching 95 %. ln that case, flywheel mechanical electrical energy processing systems offer an alternative storage solution with severa!advantages, including high energy density, fast responses, long lifetime, energy efficiency and low environmental impact. ln the cu1Tent work, a flywheel was implemented, similar to a flywheel of a tractor with a mass of 60 kg, together with a direct current motor/generator, with 750W and 24V. Dealing initially with the behavioral study of a ftywheel, with different dimensions, weight and speed of action, in this case, a reduced size flywheel was chosen, made of cast iron, so that the effort and the implementation of the system could be palpated. . Due to operational needs, a command logic was proposed for the two stages of the system, namely, prescription and deceleration, with the use of contactors. The logic consists of isolating the system that feeds the motor as an external source, from the load part, by pressing buttons. Finally, as a way of measuring the specificities, the analysis of the results, such as the amount of energy used in each of the processes and efficiency, system tests were car1ied out, with different configurations for each one of them. Initially, the flywheel was accelerated to a stipulated speed, for example, 500 rpm , and when it was reached, the source was disconnected to activate the load, which in this case also varied from 100 to 400W, depending on the test. A priori, the results were later processed, generating graphs and explanatory tables.