Elaboração e análise do atlas geoambiental do município de Jari-RS

Abstract

Cartography follows the development of humanity until today, proving to be fundamental for the understanding of space. The maps are presented as products that provide environmental planning and management at the municipal level, as well as a form of application and support for the teaching of Geography. From this, the Geoenvironmental Atlas emerges, with an approach linked to the mapping of the environment, mapping various physical and anthropic attributes, which generate as one of the final products the synthesis map. Thus, the present work aims to elaborate the Geoenvironmental Atlas of the Municipality of Jari-RS, to support environmental planning and education at the place level. For this, bibliographic materials were collected for the characterization of the municipality, based on historical data of territorial formation, economy and population; in addition to the elaboration and analysis of thematic maps with the help of GIS and field work: climate, hydrography, soils, relief, land use and occupation, APPs and the Geoenvironmental Map. Furthermore, it is necessary to highlight the application of didactic workshops in schools in the municipality, which served as a way of learning for students in the classroom, bringing the aspect of the place they lived. With regard to the results, it is noteworthy that 70% of the city's GDP comes from the agricultural sector, which is configured due to the 6-fold increase in the area occupied by soybean cultivation in 30 years of analysis. In addition, there was a transition from field to soybean, marked by the reduction in the number of cattle. As for the analysis of the physical environment, it is observed that there are several factors that contribute to the expansion of soybeans, such as the predominant relief in gently undulating and undulating hills and the well-distributed rainfall throughout the year. The Geoenvironmental map shows precisely the predominance of portions with Soft Hills with the presence of Temporary Crops. It should be noted that in recent decades soybeans have occupied predominantly portions of shallow soil, thus verifying the role of biotechnology advancement to ensure the development of the plant. Currently, the only limiting element to soy expansion are the steeper areas associated with Edge of the Plateau. Finally, from the development of the work it is expected to serve as a source of information and knowledge for the resident population and consequently contributing to the planning and environmental management of the place.