Avaliação do controle volt-var em sistemas de distribuição com alta penetração de geração distribuída fotovoltaica

Abstract

Given the increasing demand for electrical energy and considering the growing financial and environmental requirements associated with the implementation of large-scale electricity generation projects, generation connected to distribution grids and located near consumers emerges as a viable alternative to meet this rising demand. This form of generation, known as Distributed Generation (DG), has as its main advantage the significant reduction of energy transportation from generation centers, which are mostly located at considerable distances from consumer units. Voltage regulation in the distribution system arises as one of the fundamental challenges regarding the quality of electrical energy that concessionary companies need to address. The constant increase in demand for electrical energy from consumer units, combined with the growth in the connection of distributed generators, are factors contributing to the growing complexity of the electrical distribution system. This, in turn, makes the task of maintaining an adequate voltage balance through the use of voltage regulators more complex. The focus of this work is the analysis of the effects of integrating photovoltaic Distributed Generation (DG) into the electrical distribution network. Subsequently, the results obtained after the implementation of Volt-Var control (VVC) were investigated, comparing it with other existing strategies. This analysis was conducted through simulations with the assistance of OpenDSS and Python software, encompassing various scenarios in a residential system composed of 10 buses. The main objective is to assess voltage fluctuations in the network, identifying possible violations of established limits, while quantifying associated technical losses.