Securitização e Ideologia Política nos Governos Lula (2007-2010) e Bolsonaro (2019-2022)

Abstract

The ideology is present at the economic, social, and political levels; however, we live within our own ideology without realizing it, hence, also present in the issues prioritized by decision-makers during their mandates. Therefore, this paper seeks to understand the relationship between ideology and the country's securitization process, as it involves a social and intersubjective process. Thus, a qualitative analysis of the ideological positions of the Lula government (2007–2010) and the Bolsonaro government (2019–2023) will be conducted to identify convergences and divergences between the governments within the securitization process and securitized themes. The hypothesis is that through a comparative analysis of the Lula government, left-wing, and the Bolsonaro government, right-wing, one can observe a shift in prioritized themes in line with the ideological profile of the current mandate. Thus, security-related themes, addressed in various dimensions, differ in securitization between left-wing and right-wing governments. More specifically, it is argued that in left-wing governments, the emphasis is on external defense and the promotion of public policies in general. Meanwhile, right-wing governments tend to prioritize personal security and resort to the use of force as a means of action. The study in question brings to the debate the insertion of ideology in the discourse used for audience in the politicization of issues, a fact not very present within securitization theories. To achieve this, the hypothetical-deductive approach method and techniques of bibliographical and documentary research will be used, based on a historical-comparative study.