Reconhecimento de sentenças com diferentes velocidades de fala em idosos

Abstract

PURPOSE: to propose a version of the Portuguese Sentences Lists test with slowed speech speed; to verify the naturalness, clarity and applicability of the new material; to evaluate the change in the recognition performance in adults and elderly with the variation of the speech s speed; to verify hearing loss and speed of the verbal stimulus presentation variables on the speech recognition in the elderly. METHODS: was realized elongation of 25% compared to the original duration of the Portuguese Sentences Lists test. Adults and elderly normalhearing did a perceptual analysis of the produced material. After this, the adults had obtained their Slowed Sentences Recognition Thresholds in Quiet, Slowed Sentences Recognition Indices in Quiet and Sentences Recognition Indices in Quiet. The data were subjected to statistical analysis. Both normal-hearing elderly, than elderly people with hearing loss were subjected to these same evaluations, and have also been submitted to obtain their Sentences Recognition Indices in Noise, Slowed Sentences Recognition Indices in Noise. The data were statistically analyzed and compared. RESULTS: the modified material was recorded on Compact Disc. After its presentation to adults and elderly normal-hearing, which performed the perceptual analysis of the test, it was considered clear and natural. The evaluations, through the Portuguese Sentences Lists and Portuguese Slowed Sentences Lists tests, showed that an improvement was observed with the presentation of the slowed stimuli in relation to the presentation at typical speed in the group of adults to the measurements obtained in silence, but without statistical significance. As for as the groups of elderly normal-hearing and older people with hearing loss, was also observed an improvement in slowed sentences recognition, but with a statistically significant difference. Regarding the noise assessments carried out with the elderly, was obtained statistically significant improvement in the presentation of the sentences at a slowed speed in the group with hearing loss, but not in the elderly normal-hearing one. CONCLUSION: the modified material, named Portuguese Slowed Sentences Lists test, proved applicability and sensibility to investigate the temporal aspects influence in speech recognition in the older people. The elderly demonstrated more ease to understand the spoken message, when it was presented with slowed speed. The findings of this research shows that the elderly, independent of the peripheral hearing, have best benefit on the speech recognition, when the heard message is slower in the silence. Considering the speech in noise, have been shown evidence that older adults with hearing loss had more benefit when the speech is slowed than those with normal hearing.