Dinâmica do uso do solo entre 1985 e 2011 e seus efeitos ambientais no distrito de Monte Bonito no município de Pelotas/RS

Abstract

The district of Monte Bonito in Pelotas was the only one among the districts that make up the municipality, which had a substantial population increase recorded in the census conducted by IBGE in 2010. This observation makes this area is analyzed for its occupation, especially over a given period. Thus, the temporal-spatial analysis has great relevance in this study, because it shows clearly the dynamics of occupation in the four periods chosen (1985, 1993, 2004 and 2011). As a result the effective study clearly demonstrated the occupancy of permanent protection areas over this period, through studies of remote sensing and GIS, in which there were four classes of use, namely, forestry, culture, exposed soil, woods and bodies of 'water. The cartographic material produced in research allows to reach some important considerations such as the determination of areas of permanent protection and its use and occupation by man. The practical result of this initial step has listed throughout the district areas of fitness and restrictions on certain uses. The work was guided primarily by federal law 1965 (4771/65) that discusses the forest code hitherto practiced in the country. The most striking analysis concerns the way that the PPAs were being treated, never respected in his integrity. Evidence thus a practice that probably occurs throughout the national territory. The dynamics presented in these 26 years of study clearly points out the change of use predominantly occupied by uses in fields related to agriculture. In the period covered by the study showed also that water resources are protected areas in their occupation by agricultural activities. In the same period there was a decrease of regular occupations on the slopes with a slope greater than 45 ° and a slight regeneration of native forests. The work points to a horizon in which the field of agricultural landscape in the study area is best managed with constant monitoring of direct actions by the public administration.