Fenologia, produção e qualidade de cultivares de morangueiro de diferentes origens cultivados em substratos orgânicos

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the development, production and quality of strawberry cultivars from different places of origin, being cultivated in a semi-hydroponic system with mixtures of organic substrates. The experiment was carried out in Frederico Westphalen / Brazil, in the year 2015, and was carried out in a randomized block design, in a 2x2x4 factorial, two cultivars (Albion and Camarosa), two origin of the seedlings (National and Imported) and four mixtures of substrates: Sugar cane bagasse (70%) + commercial substrate Carolina (30%), burnt rice husk (70%) + organic compost (30%) and burnt rice husk (70%) + Carolina commercial substrate (30%). The following development parameters were evaluated: number of days from planting to beginning of flowering (NDIF); Number of days for full bloom (NDPF); Number of days to start harvesting (NDIC); (STaIC), accumulated thermal sum for full bloom (STaPF), accumulated thermal sum for the beginning of the harvest (STaIC) and phyllochron, in addition to the parameters of production: total number of fruits NTF), total fruit production (PFT), mean fruit weight (PMF), noncommercial fruit production (NFP), commercial fruit production (PFC) and productivity. The fruit quality was also evaluated: titratable acidity (AT), total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity / total soluble solids (AT / SST) ratio, firmness and pulp color. Differences were observed between cultivars, seed origin and substrate for all growth variables analyzed. The Camarosa cultivar, regardless of origin, required less thermal accumulation for leaf emission. Albion, of imported origin, was earlier than the others for the reproductive period. The best substrate for strawberry cultivation was the mixture of burnt rice husk + organic compost. For the production and quality variables, substrate interference, seedling origin and strawberry cultivar were observed, and the mixture of burned rice husks + organic compost, Camarosa cultivar and the origin of the National seed showed the best responses in the Production and quality of strawberry.