Análise da competitividade da utilização do hidrogênio como combustível na mobilidade

Abstract

Fossil fuels are widely used for mobility in the global energy matrix. However, with growing concern about finding renewable alternatives, there is room for other energy resources. Hydrogen appears as a potential substitute for fossil fuels. Hydrogen can be obtained from several primary resources, such as water, biomass, ethanol, natural gas, among others. To start using hydrogen as a fuel for mobility purposes, some steps need to be competitive, such as the production, storage, distribution, and use of hydrogen in vehicles. In this way, the objective of this study is to build a model to evaluate and measure the competitiveness of scenarios that use hydrogen in mobility. The proposed type of modeling was developed based on 4 Fundamental Views Points (PVFs), 32 Critical Factors for Success (FCS), found on the basis of bibliographic and documentary recurrence, to which 37 performance indicators were later constructed using the assumptions alluding to the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). The structuring of the type of modeling and definition of the importance level for each FCS was carried out based on some elements of the multicriteria decision support approach. Subsequently, the modeling type was tested in some scenarios, from North America and Europe, with a consultation of 7 specialists from the area, from companies, research centers and universities, with a strong connection with hydrogen technologies. The evaluation levels of the scenarios investigated were defined as "potentially competitive". The overall picture shows that stronger action needs to be taken to achieve "highly competitive" scenarios.