Efeito de diferentes operações de secagem e armazenagem na qualidade de duas cultivares de soja

Abstract

In order to adapt to the international marketing standards, there is a growing concern regarding the quality of the soybeans produced, and the post-harvest stages can preserve the quality of the beans until the commercialization. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical and physico-chemical quality of soybean grains of RR and RR2-PRO cultivars submitted to different drying temperatures and storage conditions under the different water contents under real conditions and volumes of receiving and storage of a storage unit, and controlled conditions in prototype drying and storage systems. The experiment I was carried out at Cooperativa Tritícola de Espumoso Ltda. (Cotriel), in the municipality of Rio Pardo, RS. The experimental treatments were: T1 - Wet soybean grains; T2 - Dry soybean grains RR; T3 - Dry soybean grains RR2; T4 - Dry soybeans in dryer 1; T5 - Dry soybeans in dryer 2; T6 - Dry soybean grains in dryer 3, T7 - Wet soybean grains (SUL) + dry soybeans in dryer - Silo 1; T8 - Dry soybeans in dryer - Silo 2; T9 - Dry soybean grains RR2 - Silo 3; The experiment II was carried out at the Federal University of Santa Maria, where two cultivars (RR and RR2 PRO) were used, three drying temperatures being 35, 45 and 55 ° C, after drying the batches were stored for a period of 60 days at temperatures of 10 and 20 ° C. The physical and physicochemical quality of the soybean grains was determined before and after drying and during the storage time, evaluating the physical classification, porosity, unit and apparent specific mass, electrical conductivity, dry mass, crude protein and lipids. It is concluded that the electrical conductivity increases according to the increase of the drying temperature, the cultivar RR has higher content of protein and lipids, with the increase of the drying temperature increases the porosity and decreases the specific mass, the porosity of the beans increases the electrical conductivity increased with the storage time, the soybean grains stored in Silo 1 presented higher yield in ethereal extract and crude protein, compared to the conditions of Silo 2 , Silo 3 and Silo 4, independent of the soybean cultivar.