Avaliação da influência de biocompostos microalgais no status antioxidante e perfil lipídico de camundongos

Abstract

Microalgal biomass is constituted by numerous metabolites of interest, which may play beneficial effects on human health. In this sense, the aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of consumption of Scenedesmus obliquus CPCC05 biomass in lipid profile and antioxidant status of the mice. Microalgal biomass was investigated in relation to its composition of fatty acids, amino acids and carotenoids. Also, the antioxidant potential of the carotenoid extract was also evaluated. Was used in the in vivo test 18 male mice, lineage BALB / cAnUnib, which were divided into control and treated groups. The microalgal biomass was administered via gavage in a suspension of 0.15 mL of water, at concentrations of 400 or 800 mg.kg-1bw.d-1 in the treated groups. For standardization, the control group received only water by gavage. All groups received commercial diet (Nuvilab®) and water ad libitum. After 32 days, the animals were euthanized, and serum samples were taken for determination of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high and low-density lipoprotein (HDL and LDL), and activity of hepatic function enzymes, pyruvate transaminase (TGP), and Transaminase oxalacetic (TGO). Tissue samples (heart, liver, rins and spleen) were collected for determination of antioxidant potential (ORAC), thiobarbituric acid reactive species content (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) activity and antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx ), Glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Biomass showed a high content of biocompounds with a positive influence on human health such as fatty acids, amino acids and carotenoids with high antioxidant potential. In the in vivo study, there was an increase in HDL followed by a decrease in LDL, regardless of dose. As regards liver enzymes, the dose of 800mg.kg-1 showed no adverse change associated with the levels of the TGP and TGO. The endogenous antioxidant system (SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, and GSH) showed in almost all tissues, unchanged or reduced, except in the kidneys, since an increase in GPx activity was observed for dose of 400mg.kg-1 and GSH to 800mg.kg-1. In addition, both doses administered significantly decreased TBARS levels in all tissues. There was also a considerable negative correlation between TBARS and ORAC in the heart, liver and spleen, except for kidneys. Based on the results, it is suggested that the biomass of Scenedesmus obliquus CPCC05 is a potential source of numerous biocompounds capable of modulating in a positive way the serum lipid profile of mice, as well as exerting a protective effect against tissue lipid peroxidation.