Rede suplementar de reabilitação a adultos com lesões cerebrais do município de Santa Maria/RS

Abstract

Objectives: to characterize Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy services offered by Supplementary Health System of a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul that assists neurological rehabilitation, as well as to characterize adults with brain injury (BI) sequelae assisted by these services and also to analyze their satisfaction concerning healthcare services. Methodology: this is a descriptive and exploratory study with quantitative and qualitative analysis approach. The sample consisted of subjects with BI sequelae, aged over 18 years, who were assisted by rehabilitation services (Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and/or Occupational Therapy) in the Supplementary Health System between December 2016 and April 2017. Data collection occurred through the National Health Establishments Registration (CNES) followed by telephone contact with owners of healthcare institutions in order to identify adults with BI and, finally, contact with the subjects to perform a semi-structured interview, besides application of the Users’ Satisfaction Questionnaire and Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (CCEB). Quantitative analysis of data was descriptive (mean, percentage and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient) using Statistica 9.1 software, and qualitative analysis occurred through Content Analysis. Results: The search for services in CNES evidenced the existence of 53 clinics and offices for rehabilitation in Physiotherapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy. Among them, 50 had active record and only eight participated in the study because they assisted adults with BI. Among the subjects with BI, nine had participated in the research, being predominant male (88.8%) and white (77.7%). The most frequent BI were Cerebral Vascular Accidents (CVA) [55.5%]; Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) accounted for 22.2%. The predominant sequelae were right hemiplegia (55.5%) and communication disorders (44.4%). As for economy class, 66.6% belonged to Class B2. Access to Physical Therapy predominated (100%); 22.22% were assisted by Speech Therapy and none by Occupational Therapy. With regard to users’ satisfaction, the majority consider themselves satisfied with the treatment proposed by professionals. Conclusion: It was verified a lack of services for healthcare of adults with BI, the absence of Occupational Therapy services and interdisciplinary services in Supplementary Health System in the city studied. Such a situation is worrying, since BI sequelae usually generate sensory, motor and communication limitations that could be assisted by Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy. Among the subjects studied, most affirm they are satisfied with the care provided. It is considered important to carry out more studies in the areas of Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy involving Supplementary Health System and healthcare with adults with BI.