Atividade farmacológica da tintura das folhas de Baccharis trimera (LESS)

Abstract

The plant belongs to the family Asteraceae, Baccharis trimera (Less) DC is a small tree, found in rocky soils and sandy fields of southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina and, in these places, it is popularly known as carqueja. Its tea is used to treat gastrointestinal and liver diseases, kidney disorders and diabetes. Due to its diverse uses, this work aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, acute toxicity and repeated doses for 28 days and reproductive tincture of B. trimera (Less) leaves in rats. For the accomplishment of the experimental protocols it was used the tincture of the plant provided by the industry Flores and Herbs Com. Farm. Ldta. Analysis by HPLC revealed the presence of flavonoids in the plant. These compounds may be responsible for the in vitro antimicrobial activity of B. trimera leaf staining against bacteria proven by performing the microdilution tests in broth, and determining the minimum inhibitory concentration demonstrating good activity against Gram-positive and Gram- negative. As a methodology for toxicity, the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 423 and 407 were used. In the acute toxicity analysis, a single dose of 2000 mg / kg B. trimera was administered orally to rats of both sexes. The tincture did not induce any signs of toxicity or mortality and could be classified as safe (category 5), according to the guide. In the repeated dose toxicity study, the plant fraction was administered orally to both male and female animals at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg / kg / day for 28 days. In this protocol, there were no significant changes in hematological and biochemical parameters, except for liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), which showed a reduction in both sexes. In addition, B. trimera dye did not interfere with lipid peroxidation, δ-ALA-D activities and CAT enzyme. In the evaluation of gestational toxicity, in the protocols of implantation (treatment of 3-5 days of gestation), abortion (treatment of 10-12 days of gestation) and experiments of childbirth (19-21 days of gestation), the plant did not alter the number of fetuses, weight and did not cause malformation in them. Body weight and progesterone dosage in rats did not change in the treated groups in relation to the control group. Thus, it can be concluded from the protocols used that the tincture of B. trimera at the concentrations studied can be considered relatively safe for use, even in the gestational period.