Farinha de larvas de Tenebrio molitor e farinha de tilápia em rações para frangos de corte

Abstract

This dissertation was conducted to provide information on the use of insect and fish meal for broilers. The Tenebrio molitor meal larvae is an ingredient with high levels of energy and protein, having satisfactory values of digestibility of amino acids with results that do not harm the performance of the birds. Tilapia flour, on the other hand, is a by-product of the industrialization of this fish, which generates a quality product, with high values of protein and energy. Greater knowledge of the nutrients and energy values of both ingredients is important to bring information for the best formulation of diets, which will make it possible to achieve better productive results with these ingredients, and also assist in obtaining advances in their production, standardization and use. The research is aimed to determine the values of ileal digestible energy (IDE) and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) of larvae meal from Tenebrio molitor and tilapia meal (Oreochromis niloticus) for broilers up to 21 days of age using the regression method. Broiler chickens were housed in metal cages and received the same initial feed until 14 days of age. At 14 days, the birds were selected, uniform by weight and fed the experimental diets. A total of 315 male Cobb 500 broilers received 5 experimental diets with 9 replicates and 7 birds each, in a randomized block design. The chickens were fed a reference diet based on corn and soybean meal and 4 test diets from 14 to 21 days of age. The test diets consisted of meal of larvae of Tenebrio molitor and meal of Nile tilapia that partially replaced the energy sources of the reference diet in 100 or 200 g / kg and 75 or 150 g / kg of feed, respectively. The proportions were maintained for all energetic ingredients in all diets. Initial weight, final weight and feed intake were evaluated in the experimental period. Excrete samples were collected twice a day from the 19th to the 21st, and the ileal digest was collected at 21 days of age. The coefficients of ileal apparent digestibility of MS, N, energy and amino acids were calculated, as well as the metabolizability of DM, N and energy. The EDI, EMA and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) of the two flours were determined. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the effects of increasing levels of test ingredients on diets and were compared using contrasts (linear and quadratic). The regression of consumption of insect flour or tilapia flour in kcal associated with IDE, AME or AMEn versus kg of ingredient intake (based on DM) was determined. The use of insect flour linearly increased (P <0.05) the ileal digestibility of DM and N, as well as IDE, AME and AMEn. The ileal digestibility of Lis, Thr, Val, Arg, His, Ala, Cis, and Gli increased linearly (P <0.05) with the increase in Tenebrio meal levels. The addition of tilapia meal to the reference diet linearly decreased (P <0.05) the values of energy and digestibility of amino acids (P <0.001). In conclusion, the current study has shown that broilers can use a considerable amount of energy and amino acids from Tenebrio molitor or tilapia flour. The values of EDI, AME, AMEn (kcal / kg DM) were 5,141, 5,239 and 4,926 for insect flour and 2,983, 3,413 and 2,852 for tilapia flour, respectively, allowing greater knowledge about the ingredients to be used in feed.