A qualidade de vida no trabalho e os níveis de estresses dos professores das escolas estaduais de Santa Maria/RS

Abstract

This work aimed to propose actions to improve the Quality of Life at Work levels and decrease the Stress levels of teachers from state schools of education, located in the 8th Regional Education Coordination, in the municipality of Santa Maria / RS. The research carried out whose problem was "How are the levels of Quality of Life at Work and Stresses of teachers at Santa Maria State Schools and if there is a relationship between these themes?", Aimed at meeting the proposed objectives, carrying out a descriptive quantitative research. The instrument used was a printed questionnaire and presented to the teachers participating in the research. The model used to measure quality of life at work was by Walton (1973), adapted by Fernandes (1996), and to measure Stress, QSPEBS, by Rui Gomes, from Universidade do Minho, Escola de Psicologia. The researched population was 590 teachers, of the 10 schools chosen to carry out the research, and the sample was 234 teachers, constituting a sample for convenience. Quantitative data were treated using descriptive statistics using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. According to research data, in relation to Quality of Life at Work indicators, the dimension that presented the best evaluation is the use and development of capacities (D3), almost reaching the maximum limit of the applied scale (X = 4.37 and σ = 0.516). On the other hand, the fair and adequate compensation dimension (D1) presents the average (X = 1.87 and σ = 0.691), being the most deficient factor in this assessment of quality of life. In the Stress indicators, the average obtained was the continuous bad behavior of some students, a very high level of noise in classes, difficult classes, noisy students, problems with difficult behavior on the part of the students – obtaining the average (X = 3.64 and σ = 0.609). The main difficulties of this study were in data collection, as the process took place in the second semester of the academic year 2019, a year that a strike was triggered in most state schools. To collect the data it was necessary to go to schools in more than one shift, to apply the questionnaires to a sufficient and pre-established number of teachers. As a suggestion, this work can be replicated in other municipalities, in the state of RS, or in other states, involving the same number of teachers to make comparisons of the results. As a result of this work, it was observed the existence of factors to be faced for the action to improve the Quality of Life at Work – Fair and adequate compensation and Indiscipline of students), among others, these two dimensions were pointed out by the respondents as generators of Stress in teachers.