Cicatrização de fumantes e nunca fumantes após um ano de terapia periodontal não cirúrgica

Abstract

Periodontal diseases are the result of complex interrelationships between bacterial biofilm and factors related to the host response. These relationships can be modified by several factors, among them the smoke. Many studies support the evidence that the smoke has a detrimental effect on the health of the periodontium. However, the effect of this habit in the results of periodontal treatment is still controversial and longitudinal studies of smokers and never smokers undergoing periodontal therapy are needed. Initially, 14 never smokers and 11 smokers completed the non-surgical periodontal treatment. After examination of three months, three participants were lost: one from the first group and two from the second. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the response of 13 never smokers and nine smokers with chronic periodontitis, 12 months after this therapeutic approach. This study aimed to evaluate the response to non-surgical periodontal therapy in smokers and never smokers with chronic periodontitis, after a period of 12 months. Patients in both groups who received non-surgical periodontal treatment, were analyzed with respect to changes in bleeding on probing (BoP, BoP1 and BoP2), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), visible plaque index (VPI) and gingival bleeding index (GBI). To evaluate these parameters, trained and calibrated examiners performed periodontal clinical examinations prior to periodontal therapy and three, six and 12 months after treatment completion. The changes in scores for bleeding on probing were considered primary outcome and changes in other clinical parameters were secondary outcomes. The response to non-surgical periodontal therapy was similar between smokers and never smokers in changes related to VPI, mean and different strata of PD, BoP and BoP2. Similarities were also observed in BoP, BoP 1 and BoP 2 in different strata of PD, except for BoP 1 on PD 1-3mm in ever smokers had greater reductions. Differences between groups were also observed in the presence of GBI and BoP1. Changes in CAL were higher in the group of never smokers, the statistic difference being borderline.