Heidegger e Kant: o projeto ontológico de Ser e Tempo e a interpretação fenomenológica da Crítica da Razão Pura

Abstract

The goal of this work is to provide a reconstruction of Heidegger's phenomenological interpretation of Critique of Pure Reason carried out in the late twenties in light of the task of a destruction of the history of ontology on the guideline of the problem of temporality. The reconstruction is focused on Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics (1930) regarded in connection with textcourses from the period around Being and Time, in particular The Phenomenological Interpretation of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason (1927-28) and The Fundamental Problems of Phenomenology (1927). After an examination of the central methodological lines derived from the task of phenomenological destruction of the history of ontology the work presents the interpretation of Kant's thesis about being and the background in which it is formulated the thesis according to which Kant's Critique must be understood as a project to lay the foundations for metaphysics. By means of these considerations the work is able to reconstruct the phenomenological interpretation of Critique of Pure Reason as a laying of the foundation for metaphysics which inquires into the problem about the fore ontological understanding that enables entities to become manifest to finite human reason. In light of central orientations provided by the general ontological project of Being and Time the center of attention is the temporal nature of pure objectivity horizon which is developed by means of interpretations of transcendental schematism and transcendental deduction. Thus the work is intended to illuminate Heidegger's claim according to which Kant is the first and only one who traversed a stretch of the path toward the dimension of temporality .