A definição atribuída à designação “sintagma”: deslocamento e efeitos de sentido

Abstract

This paper aims to propose a reflection on the problem of defining, whose semantically stable appearance produces an effect of evidence of knowing, dissimulating the interpretative gesture of the subject it defines. Thus, our proposal is to develop a study on what makes a definition not merely a formulation inscribed in a paraphrastic net but a formulation that historicizes, that makes part of the interdiscourse at the same time it individualizes the subject, and makes him/her responsible for what s/he writes. Therefore, we work with the notion of function-author (ORLANDI, 2007 [1996]), in order to investigate what makes the definition a singular formulation. Furthermore, we question the effect of evidence that constitutes the act of defining, since our reflection on language accepts the discomfort of not settling on the evidence and in the place of the already-said. We take as an object of analysis the definition attributed to the designation of syntagma , which is associated to Saussure as the one who attributed to such a definition its conceptual character when introducing it in linguistic studies, and which, from the second half of the 20th century, started to make part of the grammarians domains in Brazil time when the grammarians saying was determined by the Brazilian Grammatical Nomenclature (NGB). Considering the displacement of the designation of syntagma among different knowledge domains, we propose to investigate how the linguists and the grammarians knowledge is articulated from the definition attributed to the syntagma designation. Thus, we first consider the definition of syntagma in the formulation of grammarians and how it constitutes a chain of paraphrastic constructions that lead to a source-formulation that is inscribed in another knowledge domain, and produces different effects of sense that are under the same appearance. Our work belongs to the History of Linguistic Ideas in its articulation with French Discourse Analysis. Thus, we reflect how some knowledge is constituted and then reformulated, getting thus specific features (GUIMARÃES, 2004).