Efeito clínico do uso de parecoxib em sinovite induzida em pôneis

Abstract

Acute synovitis and capsulitis are common articular problems and can contribute to the development of a degenerative process due to the release of enzymes and inflammatory mediators. The indicated treatment for synovitis and capsulitis is based on anti-inflammatory drugs. An experimental synovitis model was used in ponies to evaluate the effect of parecoxib, a selective ciclo-oxygenase 2 anti-inflammatory drug. Cardiac (FC) and respiratory frequency (FR) and rectal temperature (T) were determined. The ponies also had their stride length (CP), carpal joint angle at rest (AR), angle of maximum flexion (AFM), joint circumference (CA), carpal effusion degree (GE) and lameness degree (GC) evaluated. The analysis of the synovial fluid included cytology, protein, mucin precipitation quality and viscosity. After synovitis induction with Freund s complete adjuvant, three ponies were treated with 0,55mg/kg/day IV parecoxib, and three received sterile 0,9% saline solution (IV) for five days. Clinical and synovial fluid parameters were evaluated before synovitis induction, immediately before treatment and 12, 24, 48, 96 and 120 hours after the first treatment. Induced synovitis findings were similar to natural occurring ones. Repeated artrocentesis increased protein in the synovial fluid, but did not modify the other evaluated parameters of the healthy joints. Synovial fluid parameters were not affected by parecoxib treatment. Protein amount and total leukocyte count increased and remained high up to 120 hours of the beginning of treatment, and the viscosity and mucin precipitation quality decreased in synovitis induced joints. The intra-articular injection of Freund s complete adjuvant induced a moderate to serious synovitis. Significant increases in T, FC, GC and GE and reduction of AFM and CP occurred in the synovitis control group. Treated ponies showed GC reduction, maintenance of the AFM, CP, T and FC and attenuation of GE. Although the used dosage of parecoxib had no effect on evaluated synovial fluid parameters, analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects were observed.