Índices produtivos de leitões em fase de creche alimentados com dietas contendo bioflavonóides e ácido ascórbico (extratos vegetais)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance, the microbiological profile, the enzyme profile and the detection of pathogenic strains by multiplex PCR of 40 weaned piglets (females and males). The experimental desing was completely randomized with fours treatments, five replicates and sex as a bloking factor. The treatments consistes of: T1 (control); T2 (Plant Extract (EV) (500 ppm)); T3 (Amoxicilin (A) (20 mg Kg-1) and T4 (A (20 mg kg-1)+EV (500ppm). There was no effect (P>0.01) between treatments for initial and final weight and gain daily weight, but the males in the control group had a mean daily consumption of 1.8% over diet (P<0.01) to the other treatments. The total count control of bacterial colonies was 35.9%, 70.9% and 63.8% higher (P<0.01) to treatment with A, EV+A and EV, respectively. In the midst MacConkey, the treated group A was 88.44%, 91.78% and 56.50%, higher (P<0.01) compared to EV+A, EV and control, respectively. The antibiogram 48 stool samples showed that Amoxicilin disk was 85.7%, 72.7%, 44.5% and 100% resistant in the control treatment, EV, A and EV+A, respectively. The bioflavonoids and ascorbic acid and the interaction with Amoxicilin not change the performance of pigs in the nursery phase, but reduce the colony count bacterianas. By the dosing biochemical CK, AST (U L-1), AST, TBARS and the frequency of fimbriae genes (F41, F6 (R 987), F4 (K88), F18 and F5 (K99) and toxins (LT, STx, STa and STb) of E. coli strains isolated from pigs with diarrhea using multiplex PCR with primers specific to these genes. Of the 64 samples 55 (85.93%) had genes for fimbriae and toxins, 23 (35.93%) had only genes for fimbriae and only two samples had genes for toxins only. The frequency of the detected virulence factors alone or in combination with other factors were: F41 (10.93%), F6 (21.87%), F4 (37.5%), F18 (70.31%), LT (39.6%), Stx (42.18%), STa (60.93%) and STb (75%). In all 64 samples was not found any of virulence factors for F5 (K99). The use of bioflavonoids and ascorbic acid did not change the performance of pigs in the weaned piglets. The use of plant extracts and associated with Amoxicilin reduces the count of bacterial colonies. Showed high resistance of the samples studied to Amoxicilin, the Neomycin and Norfloxacin. The antimicrobial Cefepine, ceftriaxone, Merepenem were more efficient in inhibiting the growth of E. coli strains isolated from pigs supplemented with ascorbic acid and bioflavonoid. The EV supplementation to the diets of weaned piglets does not alter the enzymatic profiles (ALT, AST), muscle (CK) and oxidative (TBARS). Animals receiving IV or its interaction with Amoxicilin presented to fimbriae genes and toxins. EV supplementation to weanling pigs a diet did not cause lack genes for the presence of fimbriae and toxins. The presence of genes for fimbriae and toxins does not determine the occurrence of diarrhea, as they may be present, but are not being expressed.