Gramíneas forrageiras perenes tropicais em sistemas de produção de leite a pasto no noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

A trial was conducted to evaluate forage production potential, forage intake and milk production in two perennial tropical grasses under continuous grazing of lactating cows, in the growth seasons of 2003/04 and 2004/05, in Palmeira das Missões/RS. Twelve tester animaIs were distributed in two paddocks per treatment, using "put-and-take" technique to adjust stocking rates. Evaluated treatments were Dwarf Elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott) and Tifton 85 (Cynodon dactylon x C. nlemfuensis) pastures. Under the proposed management criteria (4 % of leaf lamina allowance), Tifton 85 demonstrates to be less sensible to forage production and stocking rate reduction under adverse climate conditions, with relative stability of forage mass available. Its superiority in individual animal performance, in more favourable conditions (2003/04 growth season), when compared to Dwarf Elephantgrass, should be related to the allowance used. Maintaining low levels of leaf lamina on offer could be limiting to cows' individual performance, rebounding negatively over persistency of the pastures. The evaluated species presented different structures and forage densities in the most accessible strata to grazing by the animaIs. However, those differences didn't affect the chemical composition of these layers nor of its respective of its respective "hand-plucking" samples, causing similar forage intake. Higher individual animal production indices were found, indicating a little known potential for perennial tropical grasses in milk from pasture systems.