Carga de trabalho de enfermagem em sala de recuperação anestésica: um estudo misto

Abstract

The present study aims to analyze the nursing workload in the Anesthetic Recovery Room. It is characterized by a study with a mixed methodological approach, of the sequential explanatory type, performed in the Anesthetic Recovery Room of a university hospital. In the quantitative cross-sectional phase, all the patients were hospitalized from June to July 2016, to evaluate the nursing workload, through the application of the Nursing Activities Score, while they remained hospitalized at the unit. The quantitative data were obtained through the filling of forms, based on the nursing records in the patients' records. There were also 14 nursing workers from this unit who participated to obtain the qualitative data on the perception of workload, produced through a semi-structured interview, during the first half of 2017. The analysis of the quantitative data was performed in the SPSS Statistics program, version 21.0 for Windows, through descriptive and analytical statistics. The qualitative data were submitted to the content analysis based on the referential proposed by Bardin. All ethical principles relating to human research were respected, in accordance with Resolution 466/2012. The results indicated that of the 209 patients from the sample, 56% were male, 38% from the Surgical Unit, 52% classified as ASA II, in 74% of the patients the type of anesthesia performed was general anesthesia and the surgical specialty with a higher prevalence, with 24% being traumato-orthopedics and also, an average NAS of 57% was obtained. Considering the workers' perception of the workload, two categories were organized: Characteristics of the patients and situations that determine the workload, which presents the clinical conditions of the patients identified as intensifying the workload and Work Organization: characteristics that influence the workload, presenting the personnel sizing, the cooperation between the team as determining factors in the workload. It was concluded that, in the study scenario, the workload was high and the patient's time spent in the anesthetic recovery room was considered high, but did not obtain a statistical relation with the workload. In addition, workers perceive that the sector has special characteristics that influence in the sense of increasing the workload.