Otimização do projeto dielétrico de transformadores de distribuição por meio de simulações em elementos finitos

Abstract

This work presents a methodology for optimization of the dielectric design of distribution transformers by defining three constructive parameters of the manufacturing process of the low and high voltage coils. Its main objective was to develop a methodology that would lead to time savings in project design and reduction of raw material costs, without changing the equipment's compatibility with routine and type tests. The development method was based on the parametric simulation of three physical variables of the manufacturing process of the transformer coils that have great relevance in the dielectric support of the equipment, being the GAP AT / BT, the difference of the electric height between the coils of high and low voltage and the increase of headwalls of the first two layers of high voltage. After these simulations the parameters were initially analyzed separately and, later, in a joint analysis, which resulted in a final model to be applied. Based on the final model, three other models were defined with percentage variations of the parameters that allowed the final analysis and the construction of an optimization proposal, represented in an optimization flowchart made from a transformer design with power of 75kVA and class of 15kV, the best-selling model in the distribution transformer market. The use of finite element simulations performed by the Maxwell software and dielectric analysis of the windings provided a percentage improvement in the raw material cost and time of elaboration of the projects of this type of transformers.