Análise da influência da geração distribuída na proteção de sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica

Abstract

Currently, with the Normative Resolutions (RN - 482 and RN - 687) governed by the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) and fiscal incentives for the insertion of renewable and non - renewable sources in the distribution system, small power plants located near consumption, known as Distributed Generation (GD), plays a fundamental role in the energy concept of a given location. They contribute to increasing generation capacity and also help by delaying investments in the expansion of distribution. Electric power distributors have a major challenge in designing and planning the protection, operation and maintenance of their networks due to the migration of a previously unidirectional power flow system to a two-way system, all provided by a large This is facilitated by easy access to bank credits for independent energy producers. In this context, this work aims to analyze the influence of a source of GD (synchronous generator coupled through transformer) in the protection of electric energy distribution systems, and through the understanding of the protection philosophies adopted by the concessionaires, it will be possible to carry out simulations via software Powerfactory DigSilent . Possessing the results obtained through these simulations will be proposed solutions that can mitigate the problems found in them. Finally, it was possible to note that the insertion of GD causes an increase in the levels of short-circuit current, which leads to the coordination between the recloser and the fuse link. To solve this problem, a solution was proposed using fault current limiters, where the result was satisfactory, returning the coordination between the protection devices.