Processos de implantação de núcleos de apoio à saúde da família no Brasil: um destaque às profissões de fisioterapia e fonoaudiologia

Abstract

This research held up the participation of Physiotherapy and Speech - language pathology in the Centers for Supporting the Family Health (NASF) in Brazil from 2008 to 2014. The overall objective was to analyze the NASF deployment processes in Brazilian cities, looking for to characterize the types of NASF deployed, the main form of recruitment of teams and evaluation mechanisms for services they provide. Participated in 484 local health managers, who were invited through their intitucionais emails provided by the Ministry of Health, which clarified about the objectives, risks and benefits of procedures carry out this study prior to the questionnaire access "Search NASF Brazil 2014" applied by the form of the Unified Health System (FORMSUS). The results revealed that most managers (70% of them with the education of health) participated in the elaboration and implementation of NASF, prepared by epidemiological demand. Hiring physical therapist and speech-language and hearing pathologist in most NASF was a selection process demanded by managers and curriculum analysis of workforce workers; only 3% of physical therapist and speech-language and hearing pathologist presented projects demonstrating the need for their engagement in AB. The most professional contractors were physical therapist and physical trainers, followed by physical therapists and speech-language and hearing pathologist. According to managers, the most widely deployed mode (55.17%) is NASF 1, followed by NASF 2 (26.45%) and NASF 3 (11.78%). There monitoring mechanisms and evaluation of services provided by teams of NASF, organized by the managers, however, are rare popular mechanisms for evaluation. It showed up popular complaint concerning the lack of physical therapists and speech-language and hearing pathologist (16.13% for both). We conclude that there is much to be done in the insertion of experts in the AB, although the management of the Brazilian health already be under the responsibility of health professionals dedicated. This study opens the possibility of further research deepening the qualification and scope of services provided in the Brazilian NASF.