Avaliação dos efeitos de um campo magnético pulsado sobre a cicatrização cutânea e biomarcadores oxidativos em ratos wistar

Abstract

The surgical postoperative period requires rapid, effective and good-quality wound repair. For a better cicatrization process alternatives have been sought to assist wound repair and improve the appearance of scarred region. Pulsed magnetic fields are an alternative to accelerate the healing process. Treatment with pulsed magnetic fields can change the redox homeostasis of the tissue. Redox homeostasis variation depends on the intensity, frequency and duration of exposure. This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of the pulsed magnetic field (23 mT, frequency 62Hz), 30 minutes per day for 14 days, in the wound repair in male Wistar rats. As well, analyse if pulsed magnetic field parameters used can cause alteration in the oxidative equilibrium in those animals. The animals were submitted to a skin removal surgery. The surgery consisted of removing 1cm² of skin located on the middle of the back of each animal. The experiment were performed on 2 groups of animals: a control group and a group treated with a pulsed magnetic field. After the experiment, histological parameters (epidermal regeneration, dermal regeneration, fibroblast infiltration, inflammatory infiltrate and angiogenesis), the wound contraction, tensile strength, myeloperoxidase activity was analysed in the skin. Thus, biomarkers of oxidative stress (thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and content of non-protein thiol groups (NPSH) was analysed in the skin and liver. All those analyses were made in different times (days 3, 7 and 14). This study demonstrated that exposing wounds to pulsed magnetic field of specific configurations enhanced wound healing in this animal model, as evidenced by significantly increased of the wound contraction, improved the epidermal and dermal regeneration, increased infiltration of fibroblasts and angiogenesis and increased wound tensile strength. It was also evidenced reduction in inflammatory infiltration and myeloperoxidase activity. It was shown that the pulsed magnetic field reduced the TBARS levels, and did not cause oxidative stress under these pulsed magnetic field conditions. In conclusion, the proposed treatment assists the wound healing, improves the condition of the scarred skin and does not promote oxidative damage.