Metodologia para controle de reguladores de tensão em redes elétricas de distribuição utilizando simulação digital em tempo real

Abstract

Throughout its transportation, from generation to final consumption, the electrical energy fluctuates its voltage levels. These variations are natural and provided by the system itself, but without effective corrections, this effect becomes harmful to consumers. In order to regulate this energy, utilities are subject to regulations imposed by the regulatory agents, which defines an appropriate voltage range. The Smart Grid concept have been providing a dynamism to the distribution systems, requiring more from traditional control methods and challenging the development of new topologies. In this context, the present study develops a global control methodology for voltage regulators that aims to adjust the TAP position of these equipment to improve its operation and correct the feeder voltage profile. This methodology is based on a communication link formed between the regulators and a supervisory SCADA system, capable of receive information and return commands. The global control uses the measured data from each equipment to apply interactive calculations methods that looks to understand the impact that each TAP change will provide to the network, before executing the command. The proposal’s validation is made through real-time digital simulations, where is shown a comparison between the operational efficiency of these equipment when they are submitted to a local control, the current methodology used by the utilities, and the global control. The global analysis is divided by two scenarios, the first one considers that the communication between the equipment and the supervisor is continuous. In the second scenario, it is understood that this communication link can present faults, so that, the regulators are submitted to local and global controls within a same day of analysis.