Potencialidades e desafios da utilização de biogás para transporte e geração de energia

Abstract

In the current conjuncture where environmental sustainability has become a global concern - essential for the survival of market companies - the search for energy generation to replaces traditional sources for sustainable sources has expanded significantly. Brazil is benefited by the variety of these available sources. Among them, biogas stands out for taking advantage of the renewable energy potential available in the environment. It contributes, therefore, to the reduction of waste that causes environmental damage. The objective of this work is to evaluate the potential use of biogas for electrical energy generation and as vehicular fuel in the Brazilian energy matrix. The work development was carried out with a bibliographic review and biogas analysis in the current Brazilian scenario, encompassing technical, economic and political aspects. The results showed a better economic viability for biogas as a source of electrical energy, due to recent business models that favored distributed generation for this purpose. Regarding the use as a vehicular fuel, its viability is limited mainly by the high costs in smaller production scales. Thus, the market price of energy from biogas does not represent the total environmental value provided. Therefore, are necessary better use incentives of biogas and biomethane in Brazil. New comprehensive public policies and initiatives - coordinated at national and state levels - are of great importance in order to reduce production costs, to fully benefit from the potential of this renewable energy source of excellent environmental value.