Determinação do potencial antioxidante e anti-inflamatório tópico do extrato bruto das folhas de Casearia decandra Jacq.

Abstract

Casearia decandra Jacq is popularly known as "Guaçatonga" and is part of the Salicaceae family. Several therapeutic properties are attributed by the population, being used as diuretic, antiofidic, healing, anti-inflammatory and antithermic. However, little information on the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of the leaves of this species are described in the literature. The present work aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity of the crude extract of C. decandra leaves. The leaves were dried, ground and after the material was subjected to hydroalcoholic maceration (70%) for one week. After this time, the resulting hydroalcoholic extract (EH) was collected, and concentrated on a rotary evaporator to give the crude extract. The phytochemical study was carried out by means of the quantitative determination of the polyphenols and flavonoids content. The antioxidant potential was evaluated by the DPPH methods and reduction power, where the crude extract showed high IC50. Analysis by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed the presence of rutin in the extract. The crude extract of the leaves presented a topical anti-inflammatory activity of C. decandra extract, being able to significantly reduce ear edema at doses of 0.001 to 1 mg / ear, with a maximum inhibition of 70 ± 5%% for the dose Of 1.0 mg / ear. The extract also significantly reduced the activity of the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) at doses of 0.001 to 1 mg / ear, with maximum inhibition of 42 ± 4% for the 1.0 mg / ear dose. The same tests were also carried out with a rutin, in which the antiderematogenic effect and reduction of the myeloperoxidase activity were observed at the doses of the extract used (0.03 to 0.003 mg / ear). Histological analysis of the extract and the isolated compound showed a reduction in cell migration and edema, corroborating previous results. These results indicate that the C. decandra species presents a promising pharmacological potential for future analyzes in order to elucidate mechanisms of action of the processes evaluated in this work.