Desenvolvimento de nanocápsulas contendo mupirocina e óleo essencial de alecrim: caracterização e atividade antibiofilme

Abstract

Mupirocin is a commonly used antibiotic in the treatment of infections caused by methicillin resistances staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The incorporation of natural products with pharmacologic activity like essential oils becomes an alternative to increasing resistance of microorganisms to conventional therapeutics treatment. The present study aimed to produce and evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of nanocapsules of mupirocin and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil (Rosemary essential oil) to the stirpes of staphylococcus aureus (ATCC00039, ATCC 33691 and clinical isolated. The nanocapsules suspensions containing mupirocin, Rosemary essential oil and these in association were prepared using the interfacial deposition of preformed polymer method. A method of High Performance Liquid Chromatography was adapted of USP 2012 to quantification of mupirocin in formulations. This method is linear, specific, accuracy, precise and robust. The formulations were characterized for mean particle diameter, polydispersity index, zeta potential, pH and association rate, presenting values acceptable and within the expected for intended purpose. Rosemary essential oil (REO) was characterized by gas chromatography (GC-FID and GC-MS) and presented like major compounds camphor (40.33%), 1.8-cineole (36.04%) and α-pinene (10.45%). Nanoencapsulation of the REO presented better results in compared to REO in its free form in the assay that determines the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). When REO and MUP were associated and nanoencapsulated, there was an improvement in the activity of the oil and the drug for ATCC 00039. In the determination of minimum concentration of biofilm eradication, the concentrations that presented reduction in the biofilm were higher in comparison to the results found in the MIC. In the cytotoxicity assay, samples at concentrations up to 10 μg/mL, showed cell viability greater than 80%, both for culture of fibroblasts of the 3T3 lineage and of keratinocytes of the HaCaT strain. Thus, the techniques and formulations used in this work have proved to be important tools in the study of the development of new antimicrobial therapies and presented potential for clinical application.