Insegurança alimentar em famílias de crianças expostas verticalmente ao HIV

Abstract

For prophylaxis of HIV vertical transmition, early diagnosis and guidance since the prenatal period, including feeding of milk formula in replacement of breast milk, are essential. Complementary feeding is offered to the child according to the socioeconomic conditions of the family, so the family may find themselves in a situation of food and nutritional security. Objectives: To verify the occurrence of (in)security food in families of children vertically exposed to HIV and to identify the nutritional condition of the children. Method: Transversal study with the Family of children born exposed to HIV, up to 18 months of age, accompanied by a specialized service in the south of Brazil. Data collection developed between December 2015 and June 2018. The short version of1 Brazilian Scale for Food Insecurity (EBIA), the WHO Anthro software version 3.2.2 of 2011 for nutritional evaluation of premature newborns and the INTERGROWTH -21st standard postnatal growth calculator for premature infants were used. Pearson's Chi-square test was used for analysis, and significance level was 5% (p <0.05). Results: SAN was significant for family income greater than two minimum wages, 9 to 12 child’s consultation in the last year and adequate milk feeding frequency. Food insecurity was significant in households when the family caregiver is divorced or single, when it considers moderately difficult to maintain health follow-up and when there is absenteeism in the consults follow-up of the child. Most children receive milk at inappropriate frequency. EBIA short version and BMI / I did not present significant statistical difference. Conclusion: It is necessary to continuously evaluate and guide the appropriate milk feeding frequency, according to the child's age. Considering that family structure and family income can restrict the purchase of food in adequate quantity and quality, it is necessary to guide the possibilities of complementary feeding considering accessibility and sustainability.