Análise do traumatismo cranioencefálico leve sobre a susceptibilidade a pentilenotetrazol e o efeito do pré-tratamento com cafeína em ratos

Abstract

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a public health problem, with a high incidence, debilitation and fatality in modern society, often resulting in neurological dysfunctions. These abnormalities after TBI have been shown to promote increased neuronal excitability, as well as spontaneous seizures and posttraumatic epilepsy (EPT). Considering that patients with the onset of seizures may be at increased risk of late epilepsy, it is important to study in a short-term window. The vast majority of these studies involve severe TBI, and little is known about lesions considered to be mild, 70-90% of which are clinical cases. In addition, it is known that there is a direct relationship between the levels of oxidative stress and the pathogens resulting from TBI, and the use of antioxidant compounds may help in this situation. In this context, caffeine, a drug with an antioxidant potential already well described in the literature, but with few studies together with the TBI. This study aimed to investigate whether mild TBI would increase the susceptibility to seizures in an initial time window after the TBI and whether the previous consumption of caffeine could exert some initial protection after the injury. Male wistar rats were divided into four groups: sham saline, sham caffeine, TBI saline and TBI caffeine, caffeine groups received a subchronic pretreatment of caffeine for fifteen days. After this process, the animals were submitted to TCE using the fluid percussion model. Electroencephalographic (EEG) and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) tests were performed, as well as oxidative stress markers such as 4-HNE, GSH / GSSG, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT). With this study it can be concluded that mild TBI in a single case is not able to influence any surgeon of posttraumatic seizures four days after an injury, however, it promotes a few electroencephalographic changes, mainly in the wave type. And the previous consumption of caffeine showed a decrease in the levels of lipid peroxidation 24 hours after an injury, showing that the chronic consumption of an antioxidant compound can aid in recovery. In addition, this study explains a bit more about the changes regarding mild TBI promotes, helping in the search for new therapeutic strategies.