Atuação do enfermeiro na coleta de material do exame colpocitológico no âmbito da estratégia de saúde da família

Abstract

Introduction: Cervical cancer, also called cervical cancer, is most often caused by infection of some types of Human Papillomavirus. Objective: to know how the practice of collecting the colpocytopathological exam has been practiced and to characterize the profile of care provided to women who underwent the exam in the Family Health Strategies of Palmeira das Missões - RS. Method: This is an exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach, using the Grounded Theory as a theoretical-methodological framework, following the model proposed by Charmaz (2008). Results: The practice of the colpocytopathological exam is achieved mainly through three aspects, highlighting the community health agents, the information system and the host as the main forms of active search. The profile of women between 25 and 64 years old is characterized by: married users with low education, who have the profession of domestic and have a family income of one minimum wage. The female population of the municipality studied is also characterized by women who have early sexual activity, and sexually active women after 64 years. The potentialities revealed by the participants are: the prolonged consultation encompassing other health demands, such as identification of urinary tract infections, clinical breast examination, rapid tests, referral to mammography and ultrasound, and welcoming as a way to create link between user and professional. The difficulties and challenges identified were: women not using the SUS, lack of bond, partner influence, feelings of fear, pain, shame and embarrassment that influence the examination, the culture of being a horrible exam and the lack knowledge of women in the cervical cancer screening for cervical cancer prevention. Conclusion: The collection of the colpocytopathological exam performed by the nurse within the scope of the family health strategy is the main tool to detect precursor lesions and early diagnosis of cervical cancer. Thus, it is highlighted the role of the professional nurse to perform the screening and early identification of cancer cells, as the responsible attitude on the part of users to perform this procedure in basic health units and / or family health strategies .