Tratamento de águas residuárias de suinocultura por processo físico-químico

Abstract

The present work exposes a problem in which it represents one of the main economic activities of Rio Grande do Sul, however, it is a sector with low environmental quality, which needs the development of a swine wastewater treatment system to serve as a model for the units. The study refers to the treatment of wastewater from pig farming by a physical-chemical process. The system was basically composed of an equalizer box, a primary decanter, two secondary decanters, a sedimented fraction collection box, a metering pump, a flow meter, a water pump and a static sieve. The monitoring was carried out for 120 days, in two cycles: without and with the use of organic polymer. During this period, samples of the liquid fraction were physically and chemically analyzed. The treatment proposal carried out experimentally at the unit showed the conception of a system that significantly reduces the chance of environmental contamination. The treatment system using the evaluated organic polymer proved efficient in reducing the concentration of BOD5 (97,1%), total solids (72,2%), turbidity (91,7%), Cu (87,1%) and Zn (92,2%) in the effluent resulting from the treatment. However, the removals of total N (50,8%), ammoniacal N (33,5%) and total P (67,2%) were not sufficient to bring the effluent into line with the standards established by current legislation. The research developed so far offers motivating results that guide the optimization and continuity of the project in the unit.