Análise da produtividade no cultivo de soja na microrregião de Santa Maria (2013-2018)

Abstract

Bearing in mind the importance of soy, which in Brazil is the main product destined for export, where there is a need for the use of high technology in production, also due to the scarcity of information on soybean-related productivity per microregion, this work aimed to analyze the variation in soybean productivity in the 13 municipalities of the Santa Maria Microregion, in Rio Grande do Sul, in the 2013-2018 period, considering the variation of inputs and production through Total Factor Productivity by the Tornqvist index. For this, data were collected on occupied personnel, planted area and investments in technology, such as tractors, harvesters and crop protection products. From the results, it can be seen that there is still a deficiency in the use of technology in soy production, where it can be seen in the analyzes the low productivity growth, caused by the increased use of inputs, mainly of the planted area. Microregion's PTF decreased in almost the entire period, except in 2017, the year in which production broke a record throughout the state. Still, it was possible to identify the bottlenecks faced by producers, who need greater incentives to make investments in technology.