Sonolência diurna excessiva, qualidade do sono e qualidade de vida de bombeiros militares

Abstract

Daytime sleepiness and sleep quality can influence the quality of life of workers such as military firefighters, triggering health problems. Objective: To analyze the relationship between daytime sleepiness, sleep quality and the perception of quality of life in military firefighters. Method: This is a research with quantitative, cross-sectional and correlational approach, which was approved by the research ethics committee, under number 2,562,016. It was held from April to June 2018 at the 4th Military Firefighters Battalion of Rio Grande do Sul. The inclusion criteria were: provide direct service to the community and have been in the job for more than six months. The sample was of the probabilistic type, using 95% confidence, sampling error for 6% proportion. For data collection, a sociolaboral and lifestyle characterization questionnaire, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Instrument were used. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used for data analysis, considering statistically significant p <0.05. Results: 129 firefighters participated, with a mean age of 37.93 years (± 10.00) and length of service of 14.02 years (± 10.31); 81.4% experienced some occupational risk; 62% were concerned about occupational risk and 96.1% were professionally satisfied. Most firemen had no sleepiness (75.2%) and poor sleep quality (71.3%). Regarding the perception of quality of life, the highest average was found in the physical domain (88.57) and the worst in the environment domain (68.53). Sleepiness was associated with the variable children (p = 0.044), risky experience at work (p <0.001) and resting place (p = 0.010). Sleep quality was associated with marital status variables (p = 0.018). There was a significant difference in the risk of living at work variable and the physical (p = 0.041), psychological (p <0.001), social relationships (p = 0.044) and general quality of life (p = 0.005) domains. Significant differences were found in all domains of quality of life and sleepiness; and all domains of quality of life and sleep quality. The best perception of quality of life is for firefighters who had good sleep quality. Conclusion: the quality of life of the military firefighter is related to daytime sleepiness and sleep quality, which interferes with workers' health.