Cuidados paliativos na atenção primária: uma ação educativa para a equipe multiprofissional

Abstract

The research object is related to palliative care in primary health care and its implications for multiprofessional practice. Objectives: perform the situational diagnosis of the family health strategy team in relation to the care of patients in palliative care; and to intervene in the qualification of the multiprofessional health team of a family health strategy in a municipality in the south of Brazil for palliative care, based on their demands. The research is qualitative of the type of action research. The scenario was a family health strategy located in a city in the interior of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The participants were professionals from the multiprofessional team linked to this institution, totaling 17 participants. Data were produced using the technique of semi-structured interviews, focus group and field notes, after approval by the ethics committee under opinion no. 2,435,442, using Bardin's content analysis. The research followed the trajectory proposed by the methodological framework of action research: exploratory phase (situational diagnosis), action planning, implementation and evaluation of the action. In the situational diagnosis, the following categories and subcategories were formulated: Palliative care: concept, knowledge and practice; Obstacles to the implementation of palliative care in primary health care; and its subcategories: Unpreparedness in the management of palliative care; Devaluation of the professional as a counterpoint to palliative care; and Strategies for the development of palliative care in primary care. The present study showed the importance of educational activities in health in the area of palliative care for professionals. This study made it possible to identify the knowledge of health professionals on Palliative Care before an educational activity on the topic, as well as after its completion. The lack of knowledge about the philosophy and principles, as well as the indications for palliative care, the insecurity to deal with the necessary behaviors and the lack of training activities, as a process of reflection in and for work on the subject were the main aspects punctuated by the study