Caracterização de ondas de calor com impacto potencial na produção de frangos de corte no Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

The climate changes promote extremes of heat that occurring with more frequency and intensity, affecting animal production. Despite the great progress achieved in poultry production, some challenges remain to be overcome among them emphasize the vulnerability of birds to high temperatures, being more susceptible to heat impacts because low acclimation capacity. This study aimed to present information and extremes of heat settings, characterize the occurrence of temperature and humidity index (THI) at critical levels for the production of broilers and describe the occurrence of hot waves in Rio Grande do Sul state. The bibliographic study and the results of this study were presented in the form of articles included in chapters. Chapter 1 was indicated in the introduction, Chapter 2 of the general and specific objectives. In Chapter 3 was shown in literature review article of hot waves with impacts in broilers production and covers the topics of broilers genetic evolution, homoeothermic and heat stress, thermal comfort and heat waves. Chapter 4 describes the occurrence of critical levels of THI for the production and, Chapter 5 describes the frequency of hot waves with potential impact on broilers production broilers in Rio Grande do Sul state . For Chapters 4 and 5 we used data from 18 weather stations (conventional and automatic) belonging to INMET with an interval of years of observations ranging from location to location, the THI definition and calculation of conditions critical and extreme events. The occurrence of THI average daily ≥ 23 ° C was higher in all seasons and heat waves in this condition, it was also observed that in the period from November to April, in both the THI conditions to heat waves were more pronounced. The cities of Iraí, Porto Alegre, Sao Luiz Gonzaga, Santa Maria and Uruguaiana were regarded as critical to production of broilers in Rio Grande do Sul and Bom Jesus as a city with better potential for production.